What was v0?
A 20 g ball is fired horizontally with initial speed v0 toward a 95 g ball that is hanging motionless from a 1.4 m long string. The balls undergo a head-on, perfectly elastic collision, after which the 95 g ball swings out to a maximum angle max = 50°. What was v0?
(1/2)m2v2^2 = m2g∆h
v2^2 = 2g∆h
v2 = √(2g∆h)
m1v0 = m2v2 + m1v1
m1v1 = m1v0 – m2v2
v1 = v0 – (m2/m1)v2
v1 = v0 – (m2/m1)√(2g∆h)
(1/2)m1v0^2 = (1/2)m1v1^2 + (1/2)m2v2^2
v0^2 = v1^2 + (m2/m1)g∆h
v0^2 = (v0 – (m2/m1)√(2g∆h))^2 + (m2/m1)g∆h
v0^2 = v0^2 – 2v0(m2/m1)√(2g∆h) + (m2/m1)^2(2g∆h) + (m2/m1)g∆h
2v0(m2/m1)√(2g∆h) = (m2/m1)^2(2g∆h) + (m2/m1)g∆h
2v0√(2g∆h) = (m2/m1)(2g∆h) + g∆h
2v0 = (m2/m1)(2g∆h)/√(2g∆h) + g∆h/√(2g∆h)
2v0 = (m2/m1)√2g∆h) + (1/2)√(2g∆h)
v0 = (1/2)√(2g∆h)((m2/m1) + 1/2)
∆h = 1.4(1 – cos50°)
v0 = (1/2)√(2)(9.80665)(1.4)(1 – cos50°)))((95/20) + 1/2)
v0 ≈ 6.8159 m/s
What was v0?